READING TEXT (Untuk soal 21–23)
A laptop is a kind of computer unit which has the same function as a PC (personal computer), but it is smaller, lighter and of different sizes. Nowadays, most people choose laptops for several reasons.
A laptop is a portable device. This portability is very helpful for our work, study and other activities. We do not need complicated cable installations to activate a laptop, and with a laptop, we can do our work anytime anywhere.
Moreover, a laptop allows us to access the internet in public places which provide free access called hot spot areas. Some people like to use this facility to carry out their tasks.
Finally, a laptop consumes energy more efficiently than a PC does. This device uses a rechargeable battery as a source of electric energy. So if we prefer using a laptop, it means that we support the government program to save energy.
That’s why a laptop has become very popular recently.
21. A public place where we can have free access to the internet is a/an ….
A. free access
B. hot spot
C. internet installation
D. laptop facility
E. hot spot area
Jawaban & Analisis
Kunci: E
Teks menyatakan: “public places which provide free access called hot spot areas.” Jadi istilah untuk tempat umum yang menyediakan akses internet gratis adalah “hot spot areas”. Opsi yang paling sesuai adalah “hot spot area”.
A hanya menyebut “akses gratis” (bukan nama tempat). B “hot spot” masih dekat, tetapi teks menyebut bentuk lengkap “hot spot areas”, sehingga \(E \gt B\). C dan D tidak sesuai konteks karena bukan istilah tempat akses gratis dalam teks.
22. A laptop has become very popular because ….
A. it is portable
B. it allows us to access internet
C. it gives several benefits to the user
D. it doesn’t need complicated cable installations
E. we can do our work with it anytime anywhere
Jawaban & Analisis
Kunci: C
Teks menekankan “most people choose laptops for several reasons” lalu menyebut banyak keuntungan: portable, bisa bekerja kapan saja di mana saja, tidak perlu instalasi kabel rumit, bisa akses internet di tempat umum (hot spot areas), dan lebih hemat energi. Jadi jawaban yang merangkum semua alasan adalah “it gives several benefits to the user”.
A, B, D, dan E hanya mengambil satu alasan saja. Karena teks menekankan “several reasons”, maka pilihan rangkuman lebih tepat: \(C \gt A\), \(C \gt B\), \(C \gt D\), dan \(C \gt E\).
23. From the text we know that ….
A. a laptop is usually more expensive than a PC
B. more people like a laptop better than PC
C. more people like a PC better than a laptop
D. for a mobile person a laptop is more handy than a PC
E. a laptop is cheaper now than it was before
Jawaban & Analisis
Kunci: D
Teks menyebut laptop portable, membantu pekerjaan/studi, tidak butuh instalasi kabel rumit, dan bisa dipakai “anytime anywhere”. Ini menunjukkan laptop lebih praktis untuk orang yang sering bergerak (mobile) dibanding PC. Itu sesuai dengan opsi D.
A dan E membahas harga, tetapi teks tidak membahas mahal/murah. C bertentangan dengan ide teks yang menyebut banyak orang memilih laptop. B tampak mungkin karena ada kalimat “most people choose laptops”, tetapi itu pernyataan umum preferensi, sedangkan D adalah simpulan fungsi yang langsung didukung oleh “portable” dan “anytime anywhere”, sehingga \(D \gt B\).
Text (Untuk soal 24–26)
Smoking is dangerous for people, not only for smokers themselves, but also for people around them who are called passive smokers.
Smokers have risks of suffering from cancer, heart diseases, including heart attack, breathing problems, cough/sore throat. This is because there are more than \(4{,}000\) chemicals found in cigarettes, \(250\) are toxic poisons and \(50\) cause cancer. Some other chemicals found in tobacco include: Ammonia, Arsenic, Polonium 210, Carbon Monoxide, and Acetone. Nicotine remains in the body for \(8\) to \(12\) hours after a single use of tobacco.
The smoke which arises when a person is smoking a cigarette is very hazardous, and the smoke of bidi or cigar is even more hazardous to passive smokers who inhale the smoke in the vicinity of active smokers. The smoke inhaled by the former is unfiltered thereby causing more ill effects. Several pulmonary diseases such as cough, bronchitis, asthma and last but not the least carcinoma of lungs may occur as a consequence of breathing in cigarette or cigar smoke.
24. What remains in the body for \(12\) hours after a person smokes?
A. Arsenic.
B. Nicotine.
C. Polonium.
D. Ammonia.
E. Acetone.
Jawaban & Analisis
Kunci: B
Teks menyatakan secara eksplisit: “Nicotine remains in the body for \(8\) to \(12\) hours after a single use of tobacco.” Karena pertanyaan menanyakan zat yang dapat bertahan sampai \(12\) jam, maka jawabannya adalah nicotine.
Pilihan A, C, D, dan E memang disebut sebagai bahan kimia dalam tembakau, tetapi tidak ada keterangan bahwa zat-zat tersebut “remains in the body for \(12\) hours”. Hanya nicotine yang diberi informasi durasi \(8\) hingga \(12\) jam, sehingga B paling tepat dan \(B \gt A\).
25. According to the text, smokers have risks of suffering from cancer because …
A. they breathe in so many harmful chemicals
B. they inhale too much smoke
C. their body can not stand dangerous smoke
D. they are not strong enough to inhale smoke
E. they are the passive smokers
Jawaban & Analisis
Kunci: A
Setelah menyebut risiko kanker, teks memberi alasan: “This is because there are more than \(4{,}000\) chemicals found in cigarettes, \(250\) are toxic poisons and \(50\) cause cancer.” Jadi penyebab risikonya adalah paparan banyak bahan kimia berbahaya, termasuk yang bersifat racun dan pemicu kanker.
Pilihan A paling mewakili sebab tersebut (menghirup banyak bahan kimia berbahaya). Pilihan B hanya menyebut “banyak asap” tanpa menjelaskan inti alasan pada teks (kandungan kimia). Pilihan C dan D adalah pernyataan umum yang tidak disebut. Pilihan E salah karena perokok aktif berbeda dari passive smokers. Maka A paling sesuai, sehingga \(A \gt B\).
26. “The smoke of bidi or cigar is more hazardous to passive smokers.” (Paragraph 3) The underlined word can be replaced by …
A. dangerous
B. serious
C. nutritious
D. disadvantageous
E. mischievous
Jawaban & Analisis
Kunci: A
Kata “hazardous” bermakna berbahaya dan berisiko menimbulkan dampak buruk. Dalam konteks asap rokok yang menimbulkan “ill effects” dan penyakit paru, padanan paling dekat adalah “dangerous”.
“Serious” berarti serius/berat, tetapi tidak langsung bermakna “berbahaya”. “Nutritious” berarti bergizi, jelas bertentangan. “Disadvantageous” berarti merugikan, masih kurang tepat dibanding “dangerous”. “Mischievous” berarti nakal/jenaka, tidak sesuai konteks. Maka A paling tepat, sehingga \(A \gt D\).
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